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| Capital | Hanover |
| Government | German federal state |
| Area | 47,624 km² |
| Population | 7,987,161 |
Lower Saxony (German: Niedersachsen [ˈniːdərˌzaksən]) is a federal state (Bundesland, plural Bundesländer) in northwestern Germany. It is the second largest state by area (47,618 km²) and fourth largest by population (nearly eight million) among the country's sixteen states. It was created after the Second World War by the British; most of its territory had been the Kingdom, later Province, of Hanover.