Persian phrasebook indirect object pronouns · Indirect object pronouns in Persian phrasebook
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Indirect object pronouns in Persian phrasebook
Indirect object pronouns in Persian phrasebook
Although Persian has lost the declination system of Old Persian but it does mark different cases with technically called ad-positions (post/pre-positions). That's why Persian has been able to preserve the free word order feature:
As we learned, the accusative case is marked with the enclitic râ (a post-position).
The dative case is marked with the pre-position be (to).
The ablative case is marked with the pre-position az (from).
English marks none of these cases. For example, if you change the word order of "the father kissed the daughter" (accusative) to e.g. "the daughter kissed the father", the meaning completely changes. The same applies to "the father helped the daughter" (dative) and "the father asked the daughter" (ablative). As with Latin, by changing the word order, just the emphasis changes and the basic meaning is preserved:
accusative: pedar doxtar râ busid, doxtar râ pedar busid
dative: pedar be doxtar komak kard, be doxtar pedar komak kard
ablative: pedar az doxtar porsid, az doxtar pedar porsid
Hence, Persian has three different sets of "object pronouns" as per the case. They are made from the adposition of the case and subjective pronouns e.g. mâ râ busid (s/he kised us, accusative), be mâ komak kard (s/he helped us, dative), az mâ porsid (s/he asked us, ablative).
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