Mongolian phrasebook writing · Writing in Mongolian phrasebook
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Writing in Mongolian phrasebook
Writing in Mongolian phrasebook
Mongolian is written using the Cyrillic alphabet in Mongolia and written using the traditional Mongolian script in Inner Mongolia.
Cyrillic characters:
the following presents the Uppercase and Lowercase Cyrillic character, followed by the English transliteration, example word and the English transliteration of the word. Be advised that the latin character transliteration used here is what is used locally in Mongolia. Linguists have a complete set of characters to transliterate Mongolian to English, but those characters are not useful for the traveler. The following is the most common transliterations.
А а
Б б - B b - Баянхонгор - Bayankhongor (a province in Southern Mongolia.)
В в - V v - Хөвсгөл - Khovsgol (a province in Northern Mongolia.)
Д д - D d - Дорнод - Dornod (a province in Eastern Mongolia.)
Г г - G g - Говь - Govi (The Gobi desert. see below for the "ь" below.)
Е е - Ye ye - Еэвэн - Yeeven (Means round cake with filling)
Ё ё - Yo yo - Ёотон - Yoton (Means lump sugar)
Ж ж - J j - Жаргалант - Jargalant (Common sum name. A Sum, similar to a US county.)
З з - Z z - Завхан - Zavkhan (a province in Northwest Mongolia).
И и - I i - Нийслэл - Niislel (Means Capital, in the sense Ulaanbaatar is the capital.)
й й - I i - Аймаг - Aimag (Means Province)
К к - K k - Кино - Kino (Means movie)
Л л - L l - Лам - Lam (Buddhist monk, Lama)
М м - M m - Мах - Mah (Means meat)
Н н - N n - Наадам - Naadam (Mid-Summer Holiday, festival, games. First part of July)
О о - O o - Орхон - Orkhon (a province in Northcentral Mongolia, also a River)
Ө ө - O o - Өмнөговь - Omnogovi (a province in Southern Mongolia)
П п - P p - Перс - Persia (The "П" is mostly used for loan words)
Р р - R r - Рашаан - Rashaan (Mineral Spring)
С с - S s - Сүхбаатар - Sukhbaatar (Mongolian Hero, Main Square in UB, Province, city)
Т т - T t - Төв - Tov (center, Province in Central Mongolia surrounding UB)
У у - U u - Улаан - Ulaan (red, Ulaanbaatar Red Hero)
Ү ү - U u - Түүх - Tuuh (Means history)
ф Ф
Х х - Kh kh - Хархорин - Kharkhorin (Sum which contains the ancient capital of the Mongolian Empire) Note 1.
Х х - H h - Хаан - Haan (Emperor)Note 2.
Ц ц - Ts ts - Цэцэрлэг - Tsetserleg ( Capital of Arkhangai Province)
Ч ч - Ch ch - Чихэр - Chiher (Means candy)
Ш ш - Sh sh - Шивээс - Shivees (Means tattoo)
Щ щ
Э э - E e - Эрдэнэт - Erdenet (City in North Central Mongolia, Orkhon Province, Copper mine)
Ю ю - Yu yu - Оюутан - Oyutan (Student at a University).
Я я - Ya ya - Япон - Yapon ( Japan )
ь ь - i i - Говь - Govi ( Acts like a silent e, changes the sound of the preceding vowel)Note 3.
Note 1. These transliterations are from course material from the Language and Culture Department of the Mongolian National University. Dr. Б. Сарантуяа.
Note 2. These transliterations come from the Mongolian Government Website "www.pmis.gov.mn", this site is not consistent.
Note 3. There are two other signs not seen often in place names, "ы" and "ъ". "ъ" generally modifies verbs and "ы" is used to make possesives.
The place names are from "Монгол улс Авто замын Атлас" (Mongol national Auto Highway['s] Atlas)
Much of the difficulty comes from the two sets of vowels.
Back �: А, О, У, Я, Ё, ы
Front�: Э, Ө, Ү, Е, ю
Neutral: И
Generally words should have only back or front vowels plus the "И" but some words are combined from two words, such as Өмнөговь.
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Mongolian phrasebook Travel Guide from Wikitravel. Many thanks to all Wikitravel contributors. Text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0, images are available under various licenses, see each image for details.